With a string puppet, it is tempting to create a true representation of reality, whether zoomorphic or anthropomorphic. Pelvis strings prop up the back while the puppet bends forward or moves to the sides. The knee strings are indispensable for walking.
Strings attached to the forehead, temples or the back of the neck make possible its nuanced head movements. Hand strings are often manipulated by the same control bar that moves the wrists and the elbows. The foot strings are attached in front to be able to stretch out the leg in combination with the knee strings. Other strings can sometimes be added to the heels for kneeling or executing splits.
Some people assert that the puppets of the [Salzburger Marionettentheater] [Salzburg Marionettes] have up to eighty strings, which seems excessive as most have ten or so. These figures are sixty to ninety centimetres high and are placed accordingly in three spots on the stage in order to respect the depth of field. The impeccable lighting and characters are hyper-realistic, both in their physical aspect and in their gestures. Their [repertoire] is that of the [opera] and, since they are located in Salzburg, Mozart in preference.
This miniature opera presents highly skilled performances with great attention to detail. Even though the number of strings can be added to infinity, the puppeteer only has two hands, one to maintain the control bar at the correct height and the other to pull on the strings; and even if there were a second or third puppeteer which seems to be the maximum number to operate a puppet , one cannot manipulate everything.
It is therefore essential to conceive and build a string puppet to execute very precise actions and gestures. The large string puppets in the Chinese region of Fujian measure between 1 and 1. The minimum is five: one for each shoulder, one for each hand and one from the top of the head. If there are eight strings, there is one for each hand, one for each shoulder and one for each temple.
With fourteen strings, there are one for the back, one for each shoulder, one for each temple, one for each elbow, one for each wrist, one for each group of four mobile fingers, one for each calf and one last string, placed in front, goes from the fingers in the right hand to those in the left, making it possible to join both hands when pulled on.
A puppet that has between sixteen and twenty-two strings is capable of doing almost all the movements of an actor; but it would need up to twenty-eight strings if it were to ride a horse. Technically, the string puppet can be brought back to an applied physics problem based on centre of gravity research.
In fact, the puppet plays with gravity and defeats it. The effectiveness of movements is relative to the mass of manipulated elements and to the forces moved by more or less long levers to their support points and their direction. A legend from India tells us that string puppets were born from a whim of [Shiva] and his spouse Parvati. As Shiva and Parvati left the shop, the puppets became lifeless again.
Several texts mention the existence of [ neurospasta ] in Ancient Greece, and if many Antiquity texts cite puppets it is often under the form of parables and metaphors to denounce the failings of human beings. There are also no relics of painted or engraved representations of puppets.
An interesting engraving shows a scene of the Haymarket Theatre in London where actors and life-size shadow string puppets, cut out from painted cardboard, share the same stage. After having been fashionable during the 18th century, string puppets disappeared during the Revolution, probably due to the competition from [hand puppets] by Anatole, but reemerged around , the year the Englishman [Thomas Holden] arrived in Paris.
This theatre employed ten puppeteers perched on a walkway or [bridge] above a stage 4. At the end of that century, the French brothers Alfred and Charles de Saint-Genois also became famous puppeteers. Have you ever put on a puppet show? Puppetry has been around for thousands of years, and has been a form of entertainment in many cultures. In fact, some people think that puppet shows were around to entertain people before there were even plays with actors on a stage!
Maybe you've played with finger puppets like these. There are many fun types of puppets: hand puppets, finger puppets, shadow puppets, rod puppets … even ones that are performed in water called 'water puppets' — good name, right? And, of course, there are marionettes! A street artist amazes some kids with his marionette's high-wire act. The Japanese puppeteer Takeda Sennosuke gives his horizontal controls a square, flat form, the inside of which is covered in pivoting levers.
The German Albrecht Roser can make three puppets dance together, due to a horizontal control over 60 centimetres long. The technical virtuosity can also have its limits: it is said that in Salzburg, certain puppets have up to eighty strings see Salzburger Marionettentheater.
One of his puppets took off his jacket, put it down, and then put it back on again. Make a Lorraine cross. Put the largest bracket up top and in a way that it can pivot, that is to say that the screw which holds it is slack enough to manoeuvre. Then, put an open hook at the top of the cross and attach it about a metre from the ground. Take your actor puppet , screw him on using small closed hooks, one in each wrist, one in each knee, one in the lower back and one hook on each side of the head.
Your puppet will stay standing and upright. All that is left to do is attach the other strings by joining the bottom of the back to the bottom of the cross, both knees to two ends of the bracket, then the hand to the centre of the bracket.
Your puppet is made. Fiche technique Control. Types of Controls Controls can take on a great diversity of forms.
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